Neuroscience Perspectives on Gender Communication Patterns and Interpersonal Relationship in The Digital Era: A Literature Review

Abstract

The development of digital technology has transformed interpersonal communication patterns and introduced new dynamics in gender interactions. Differences in how men and women communicate need to be examined from a neuroscientific perspective to understand the underlying cognitive and emotional mechanisms. This study aims to analyze how neuroscience explains gender communication patterns and their implications for interpersonal communication in the digital era. This study employs a qualitative method using a literature review approach by examining relevant scientific articles and books. The findings indicate that variations in brain connectivity, neurotransmitter systems, and emotional processing may be associated with differences in communication responses. However, these differences are not absolute, as they are also influenced by social, cultural, and individual experiential factors. In the digital context, the use of text, emojis, images, and short videos has shaped new ways of conveying and interpreting emotional messages. Generation Z tends to use visual media to express feelings; however, the intensity of digital connections does not necessarily guarantee deeper interpersonal relationships and may be associated with feelings of loneliness. This study concludes that a neuroscientific perspective can enrich the understanding of gender communication but should be integrated with social and cultural perspectives. Therefore, digital literacy, empathy, and adaptive communication skills need to be developed to foster healthy, inclusive, and equitable interpersonal relationships.