Bursa Karbon sebagai Katalisator Ekonomi Berkelanjutan: Strategi Indonesia Mencapai Net Zero Emission 2060
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69836/ncrcs-sinesia.v1i1.78Keywords:
Bursa Karbon, Ekonomi Berkelanjutan, Indonesia, Net Zero EmissionAbstract
Perubahan iklim global telah menjadi isu utama yang mempengaruhi berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia, termasuk ekonomi, lingkungan, dan sosial. Peningkatan suhu rata-rata bumi disebabkan oleh emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) yang dihasilkan dari aktivitas manusia seperti pembakaran bahan bakar fosil, deforestasi, dan proses industri. Emisi GRK secara global terus meningkat, yang tercermin dalam Indeks Gas Rumah Kaca Tahunan dari NOAA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran bursa karbon Indonesia sebagai katalisator ekonomi berkelanjutan, sesuai dengan komitmen negara untuk mencapai target emisi nol bersih (net-zero emissions) pada tahun 2060. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini mengkaji regulasi, implementasi, tantangan, dan peluang bursa karbon Indonesia pada periode 2023-2025, serta membandingkannya dengan bursa karbon di Tiongkok, Uni Eropa, dan Amerika Serikat. Data diperoleh dari sumber sekunder, termasuk laporan dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), Kementerian Energi, Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup, dan PT Bursa Efek Indonesia (IDX Carbon). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun bursa karbon Indonesia menunjukkan perkembangan positif, tantangan seperti keterbatasan infrastruktur, mekanisme pasar karbon domestik yang belum matang, serta kurangnya keterlibatan publik masih menjadi hambatan. Namun, bursa karbon ini memiliki peluang besar untuk menarik investasi asing, mendorong proyek energi terbarukan, dan mendukung pencapaian target emisi nol bersih. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa bursa karbon Indonesia dapat menjadi langkah penting menuju ekonomi hijau jika didukung dengan penguatan regulasi dan infrastruktur pasar yang lebih baik.
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