Pemanfaatan Asam humat dari Gambut Degradasi Riau untuk Adsorpsi Logam Berat Berkelanjutan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69836/ncrcs-sinesia.v2i1.209Keywords:
Adsorption, Humic Acid, Peat Soils, Heavy Metals, SDGsAbstract
Lahan gambut terdegradasi di Riau masih mengandung substansi humat dengan gugus fungsi aktif yang berpotensi sebagai adsorben logam berat. Gugus ini mampu berinteraksi dengan berbagai ion logam melalui mekanisme adsorpsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi asam humat dari tanah gambut terdegradasi di Riau serta mengkaji interaksinya dengan logam berat, yaitu Pb(II), Ni(II), dan Cr(VI). Isolasi asam humat dilakukan menggunakan metode ekstraksi basa. Material asam humat kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektroskopi UV–Vis, FTIR, kandungan total keasaman, kapasitas tukar kation, dan analisis total karbon organik. Interaksi adsorpsi antara asam humat dan ion logam berat dievaluasi pada berbagai kondisi pH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi asam humat terhadap ion logam Pb(II), Ni(II), dan Cr(VI) masing-masing terjadi secara optimum pada pH 5,0: 5,0: 3,0. Stabilitas proses sorpsi untuk ketiga ion logam tersebut tercapai pada waktu kontak 90 menit. Kapasitas adsorpsi asam humat terhadap Pb(II), Ni(II), dan Cr(VI) berturut-turut sebesar 52,50 mg/g, 35,63 mg/g, dan 26,21 mg/g. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa asam humat tersebut masih memiliki afinitas yang baik terhadap ion logam berat, yang dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan gugus fungsi aktif seperti karboksil dan fenolik. Penelitian ini juga berkontribusi terhadap upaya pengelolaan lingkungan yang berkelanjutan sejalan dengan Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (SDGs), khususnya 6 , 12 , 13 dan 15.
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