Pengaruh Variasi Kadar Bentonit terhadap Sifat Fisik Biochar Pelet sebagai Bahan Penyangga Pupuk
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69836/ncrcs-sinesia.v1i2.100Keywords:
Biochar pelet, Bentonit, Media penyangga pupuk, Sifat fisik, Daya serap airAbstract
Biochar pelet sedang dikembangkan sebagai media penyangga pupuk yang berfungsi mengurangi kehilangan unsur hara saat penyiraman, dengan cara melepaskannya secara bertahap sesuai kebutuhan tanaman. Pada penelitian ini, pelet dibuat dari biochar hasil pirolisis tempurung kelapa, menggunakan tapioka sebagai perekat alami dan bentonit sebagai bahan tambahan untuk meningkatkan kekuatan serta kemampuan menahan air. Kandungan bentonit divariasikan antara 5% hingga 30% dari massa biochar. Proses pembuatan dilakukan dengan mencampur bahan hingga merata, kemudian dibentuk menjadi silinder kecil dan dikeringkan pada suhu serta kelembapan yang terkontrol. Pelet yang dihasilkan diuji melalui beberapa pengujian fisik, antara lain uji ketahanan jatuh, perendaman dalam air, dan uji penyerapan air, untuk menilai kestabilan struktur serta interaksinya dengan air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kadar bentonit umumnya memperkuat struktur pelet dan meningkatkan kemampuan menyerap air. Namun, pada kadar bentonit yang terlalu tinggi, struktur menjadi lebih rapat sehingga ikatan antarpartikel melemah. Komposisi bentonit sebesar 20% memberikan hasil paling optimal, dengan keseimbangan antara kekuatan, ketahanan dalam air, dan kemampuan penyerapan. Secara keseluruhan, biochar pelet dengan penambahan bentonit berpotensi menjadi bahan penyangga pupuk yang stabil, ramah lingkungan, dan efektif untuk pelepasan hara secara bertahap di tanah pertanian.
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